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Baseline assessment of skills and employment of Indigenous and tribal peoples in Bangladesh

This study was conducted by the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) for the Swiss Agency for Develop ... Show more
This study was conducted by the Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) for the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) with the support of ILO. Based on a large sample of 10,000 households, the findings contribute significantly to the body of knowledge on the socioeconomic condition and skills of indigenous and tribal peoples in Bangladesh. They indicate that the skills and employability of these men and women in Bangladesh urgently need to be enhanced. The study shows they are primarily involved in low skill, low productive economic activities and they lag behind the rest of the rural population of Bangladesh in terms of housing conditions, sanitation facilities, access to land, etc. They are mainly employed in the informal sector and their skill levels are extremely low. Over 80 per cent of them could be described as being unskilled, with no or very limited skill-levels in evidence. This report of the study highlights the need for indigenous and tribal men and women in Bangladesh to have enhanced access to skills training opportunities in order to help them find decent work, an important step which will help lift many out of poverty.
Edited excerpts from publisher's website and publication. Show less

Authors: Toufique, Kazi Ali; Mondal, Abdul Hye; Yunus, Mohammad; Chakma, Sinora ... [+] Show more

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Bangladesh; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Disadvantaged; Indigenous people; Employment ... [+] Show more
Gender and fisheries and aquaculture

Women are crucial to the fisheries and aquaculture sector. Worldwide, fishery and aquaculture production activities ... Show more
Women are crucial to the fisheries and aquaculture sector. Worldwide, fishery and aquaculture production activities provide revenues to an estimated 155 million people, of whom a substantial proportion is female. Women have also assumed a leading role in the rapid growth of aquaculture (fish, shrimps, mussel, seaweed, crab fattening), with their participation along the aquaculture value chains (production, transforming, marketing) higher than in capture fisheries. Aquaculture is promoted as a development strategy, as it enables poor women to operate low technology and low input systems that are an extension of their domestic tasks, allowing them to integrate aquaculture activities with household and childcare chores. Entry into aquaculture appears to have fewer gender barriers, as this sector developed outside cultural traditions.
Compared to other sectors, women and gender issues have been missing from key global normative fisheries and aquaculture policies. There have been, however, some promising turning points that highlight the way gender policy aids resilience in fishing communities. Promoting gender equality has been a fundamental principle of German development policy for many years. The following steps to action and best practices from concerned projects - implemented by Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH on behalf of German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) - have been proven essential to acknowledge and enhance women's participation in the fisheries and aquaculture sector: (1) mainstream gender in fisheries and aquaculture; (2) include women in the decision-making process; and (3) ensure women's rights to equal control over and access to the fish value chain. Stumbling steps, lessons learnt and examples of best practice are also included.
Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Corporate authors: Germany. Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)

Date: 2013

Geographic subjects: Philippines; Bangladesh; Burkina Faso ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Government report or paper

Subjects: Industry; Gender; Employment ... [+] Show more
Teacher professional development case studies: K-12, TVET, and tertiary education

Quality teaching is vital to meet the increasingly complex needs of students as they prepare for further education ... Show more
Quality teaching is vital to meet the increasingly complex needs of students as they prepare for further education and work in the 21st century. This publication discusses how to create sustainable and high quality teacher capacity development systems for primary and secondary education, technical and vocational education and training, and higher education. It showcases 13 case studies from around the world as examples of teacher professional development programs that support, improve, and harness teaching capabilities and expertise. It also discusses government initiatives and other factors that can contribute to quality teaching.
Edited excerpt from publication. Show less

Authors: Shin, Meekyung; Kreibich, Lisa-Marie; Tulivuori, Jukka; Newman, Kirsty

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Timor Leste ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Providers of education and training; Skills and knowledge; Workforce development ... [+] Show more
Migrating to opportunity: overcoming barriers to labor mobility in Southeast Asia

The movement of people in Southeast Asia is an issue of increasing importance. Countries of the Association of Sout ... Show more
The movement of people in Southeast Asia is an issue of increasing importance. Countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are now the origin of 8 per cent of the world's migrants. These countries host only 4 percent of the world's migrants but intra-regional migration has turned Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand into regional migration hubs that are home to 6.5 million ASEAN migrants. However, significant international and domestic labor mobility costs limit the ability of workers to change firms, sectors, and geographies in ASEAN. This report takes an innovative approach to estimate the costs for workers to migrate internationally. Singapore and Malaysia have the lowest international labor mobility costs in ASEAN while workers migrating to Myanmar and Vietnam have the highest costs. Singapore and Malaysia's more developed migration systems are a key reason for their lower labor mobility costs. How easily workers can move to take advantage of new opportunities is important in determining how they fare under the increased economic integration planned for ASEAN. To study this question, the report simulates how worker welfare is affected by enhanced trade integration under different scenarios of labor mobility costs. Region-wide, worker welfare would be 14 per cent higher if barriers to mobility were reduced for skilled workers and an additional 29 per cent if barriers to mobility were lowered for all workers. Weaknesses in migration systems increase international labor mobility costs, but policy reforms can help. Destination countries should work toward systems that are responsive to economic needs and consistent with domestic policies. Sending countries should balance protections for migrant workers with the needs of economic development.
Abstract from publisher's website. Show less

Authors: Testaverde, Mauro; Moroz, Harry; Hollweg, Claire H.; Schmillen, Achim

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Asia; Bangladesh; Brunei ... [+] Show more Hong Kong (China)">Hong Kong (China); (South)">Korea (South); [-] Show less

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Migration; Employment; Outcomes ... [+] Show more
Community-based lifelong learning and adult education: role of community learning centres as facilitators of lifelong learning

This sequential booklet was developed as part of the publication 'Community-based lifelong learning and adult educa ... Show more
This sequential booklet was developed as part of the publication 'Community-based lifelong learning and adult education: situations of community learning centres in 7 Asian countries'. As one of the main outputs of UNESCO Bangkok's project Transforming Education and Training Systems to Create Lifelong Learning Societies in the Asia-Pacific supported by the Japanese-Funds-in-Trust, this booklet was synthesized based on the comprehensive education sector review on lifelong learning in selected Asian countries, relevant researches and technical inputs of the national experts provided during the two consultation meetings held in Bangkok, Thailand.
Published abstract. Show less

Authors: Victorino-Soriano, Cecilia

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Bangladesh; Asia; China ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Community-based lifelong learning and adult education

Subjects: Lifelong learning; Policy; Equity ... [+] Show more
Adult education and development, no. 74, 2010

Articles featured in this article include: 'Community learning centres in Thailand' by Srisawang Leowarin (p. 7-28) ... Show more
Articles featured in this article include: 'Community learning centres in Thailand' by Srisawang Leowarin (p. 7-28); 'The example of teaching permaculture' by Egay C. Dy (p. 29-36); 'Community-based learning: building capacities for change' by Ramon Mapa (p. 37-42); ''Ganokendra' - people's forum for lifelong learning and social development: the Bangladesh experience' by Ehsanur Rahman (p. 43-54); 'The potential of community learning centers in Cambodia: an approach by means of the world TERAKOYA movement' by Chiharu Kawakami (p. 55-64); 'It is time for Japanese 'Kominkan' to flower again' by Takaaki Iwasa (p. 65-74); 'Community education in Israel' by Asher Levy (p. 75-80); 'Some insights into community adult education in South Africa' by Farrell Hunter (p. 83-90); 'Literacy conscientization and the emergence of a critical mass in the Mopti region of Mali' by Boubacar Ba (p. 91-102); 'ECORA – community education through radio' by Jorge Aliaga Murillo (p. 105-122); 'Serving the people is reason to fight' by Betzabeth Zambrana Urizacari (p. 123-136); 'River-dweller populations in the Amazon region and the preservation of the traditional culture: dilemmas in a globalized society' by Valeria Vasconcelos O. (p. 137-146); 'Municipal commitment to continuing education and vocational training' by Klaus Hebborn (p. 149-160); 'The role of the South Caucasus adult education network in community education' by Nazaret Nazaretyan (p. 161-174); 'Promotion of integration through community based non-formal education' by Lali Santeladze (p. 175-187); and The Swarthmore Educational Centre in Leeds' by Tom Steele (p. 189-200). Show less

Date: 2010

Geographic subjects: Thailand; Bangladesh; Cambodia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Journal issue

Subjects: Adult and community education; Workforce development; Lifelong learning ... [+] Show more
Engaging employers in apprenticeship opportunities: making it happen locally

This joint OECD-ILO publication provides guidance on how local and regional governments can foster business-educati ... Show more
This joint OECD-ILO publication provides guidance on how local and regional governments can foster business-education partnerships in apprenticeship programmes and other types of work-based learning, drawing on case studies across nine countries. There has been increasing interest in apprenticeships which combine on the job training with classroom-based study, providing a smooth transition from school to work. There are benefits to both individuals and employers from participating in apprenticeships, including increased productivity and job quality. Successful implementation is contingent on having a high level of employer engagement at the local level, notably in the design, development and delivery of programmes.
The chapters are as follows: Boosting employer engagement in apprenticeships: synthesis findings; Local initiatives to promote apprenticeships in the United Kingdom; Apprenticeships in a hyper-rural setting in Nordland, Norway; Targeting young people: work-based training at the local level in Germany; Innovative approaches to attracting and retaining apprentices in Western Australia; Youth skills development and retention in Otorohanga, New Zealand; The urban technology project in Philadelphia, United States; Boosting employer engagement in apprenticeships at the local level in Turkey; Apprenticeships in the formal and informal economy at the local level in Bangladesh; Reforming the Indian apprenticeship system to boost local engagement. Show less

Corporate authors: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Germany; Norway; Great Britain ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Apprenticeship; Industry; Providers of education and training ... [+] Show more
Does workfare work well?: the case of the Employment Generation Program for the Poorest in Bangladesh

Evidence on the effectiveness of workfare as an anti-poverty program in developing countries is weak compared with ... Show more
Evidence on the effectiveness of workfare as an anti-poverty program in developing countries is weak compared with the relatively well-established role of public works during economic crisis as a social safety net. This paper contributes to evidence building by examining the impact of a large-scale workfare program in Bangladesh, the Employment Generation Program for the Poorest. Taking advantage of the program's distinguishable feature of direct wage transfer to a person's bank account, the paper uses accessibility to local banks as an instrumental variable to identify the program's impacts on rural social assistance beneficiaries.
Based on locality-by-time fixed effects models over two rounds of locality panel data, the analysis finds that the Employment Generation Program for the Poorest has contributed to increasing overall household consumption and reducing outstanding loans. In particular, expenditures on quality food and health care have significantly increased, which likely helps individuals continue to engage in income-generating activities in the labor market. However, the implementation costs and poor quality of public assets built through work projects could potentially undermine the program's efficiency. Moreover, further evidence is required on the impacts of work experience through workfare on subsequent labor market outcomes and the value of public assets, to assess the program's effectiveness compared with administratively simpler alternative instruments such as unconditional cash transfers.
Published abstract. Show less

Authors: Cho, Yoonyoung; Ruthbah, Ummul

Date: 2018

Geographic subjects: Bangladesh; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: World Bank policy research working paper

Subjects: Employment; Policy; Disadvantaged ... [+] Show more
Skills development in Bangladesh

The demographic dividend that has been created in Bangladesh has produced a large working-age population that will ... Show more
The demographic dividend that has been created in Bangladesh has produced a large working-age population that will need adequate education to support a modernizing economy. A demographic dividend is a period in which a proportionally large working-age population results from the rapid fall in birth rates. In Bangladesh, this phenomenon has been occurring since the 1970s. The large working-age population implies that if decent employment opportunities are available, the country can be more productive collectively, as more people contribute to overall economic activity.
Key messages: skills and education are immediate concerns because the imperatives of economic diversification and moving up the value chain will require higher levels of education and more and different skills; the 'demographic dividend' has created a proportionately very large working-age cohort, the majority of whom are in school, implying that the educational system will have to be up to par to produce a labor force that is able to support a modernized economy for decades to come; linkages between employers and most technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions are limited, leading to little responsiveness of TVET to job market demands; and TVET could be an important element of Bangladesh's future economic development and could be made a central focus of its education system as a way to prepare for rapid industrialization.
Excerpts from publisher's website. Show less

Corporate authors: Asian Development Bank (ADB) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Bangladesh; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ADB briefs

Subjects: Employment; Statistics; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
Navigating the lifelong learning boat through uncharted water

More than ever before, Australian tertiary graduates will rely upon innovative use of knowledge, work-readiness ski ... Show more
More than ever before, Australian tertiary graduates will rely upon innovative use of knowledge, work-readiness skills, and advanced multi-disciplinary understandings to solve future domestic and workplace problems. This is critically evident in [science, technology, engineering and mathematics] STEM disciplines, where global trends increasingly focus upon the need for multi-disciplinary, industry-related approaches that maximise opportunities for future employment and lifelong learning. However STEM learning and teaching remains, for the most past, discipline-content entrenched. The evidence starkly indicates that Australia is falling short in educating future STEM graduates: something different has to be done! The STEM Ecosystem project: Water Innovation Challenge (WIC) at RMIT University created opportunities for staff and students from different disciplines to work alongside industry mentors in a multi-skilled team to design, build and present innovative water sanitation solutions for a local indigenous community and a Bangladesh community. The real-world problem necessitated a paradigm shift away from discipline-based knowledge transference towards skills for the future. The project utilised approaches such as negotiated curriculum and assessment; self-directed, flexible participation in learning; use of social media as a learning tool; and multi-disciplinary teamwork.
Results from student surveys and interviews indicate that this project directly enhanced students' work-readiness skills and recognition of the importance of problem solving using multi-disciplinary understandings. Students reported greater self-confidence for tackling future workplace challenges. The project and its outcomes have implications for how learning and teaching occurs in Australian universities; it challenges traditional understandings of learning and teaching and has the potential to create significant impact on the calibre of future STEM graduates.
Published abstract. Show less

Authors: McLaughlin, Patricia; Kennedy, Belinda; Reid, Julianne

Conference name: HERDSA Annual International Conference

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Australia; Oceania; Bangladesh ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference paper

Series name: Research and development in higher education

Subjects: Workforce development; Employment; Higher education ... [+] Show more